حدثنا الحسين بن سعيد قال: حدثنا صفوان عن إسحاق بن غالب عن أبيه عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: البر وصدقة السرى نفيان الفقر ويزيدان في العمر ويدفعان عن سبعين ميتة سوء.

1.Al-Ḥusayn ibn Saʿīd narrated to us saying, “Ṣafwān narrated to us from Isḥāq ibn Ghālib, from his father, from Abū Jaʿfar (a) who said, ‘Kindness [to parents] and charity given secretly dispel poverty, increase lifespans, and protect one from seventy dreadful types of death.’”

النضر وفضالة عن عبد الله بن سنان عن حفص عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: إن العبد ليكون بارا بوالديه في حياتهما ثم يموتان فلا يقضى عنهما الدين ولا يستغفر لهما فيكتبه الله عاقا وانه ليكون في حياتهما غير بار لهما فإذا ماتا قضى عنهما الدين واستغفر لهما فيكتبه الله تبارك وتعالى بارا قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: وان أحببت أن يزيد الله في عمرك فسر أبويك قال: سمعته يقول: إن البر يزيد في الزرق

2.Al-Naḍr and Faḍālah narrated from ʿAbdullāh ibn Sinān, from Ḥafṣ, from Muḥammad ibn Muslim, from Abū Jaʿfar (a) who said, “Verily a servant may be kind to his parents in their lifetime, then they pass away and he does not repay their debts, nor does he pray for their forgiveness, so Allah writes him among those who were undutiful. Likewise, he may not have been kind towards them in their lifetime but when they pass away, he repays their debts and seeks forgiveness for them, so Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, writes him among the dutiful.” Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) said, “And if you would like Allah to increase your lifespan then please your parents.” He (the narrator) said, “I heard him say, ‘Indeed being kind [and dutiful to parents] increases one’s sustenance.’”

فضالة بن أيوب عن سيف بن عميرة عن ابن مسكان عن عمار بن حيان قال: اخبرني أبو عبد الله ببر ابنه إسماعيل له وقال: ولقد كنت أحبه وقد ازداد لي حبا ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله اتته أخت له من الرضاعة فلما ان نظر إليها سربها وبسط ردائه لها فاجلسها عليه ثم اقبل يحدثها ويضحك في وجهها ثم قامت فذهبت ثم جاء أخوها فلم يصنع به ما صنع بها فقيل يا رسول الله صنعت بأخته ما لم تصنع به وهو رجل فقال: لأنها كانت أبر بأبيها منه.

3.Faḍālah ibn Ayyūb narrated from Sayf ibn ʿAmīrah, from Ibn Muskān, from ʿAmmār ibn Ḥayyān who  said, “I was informed by Abū ʿAbdillāh about the dutifulness of his son Ismāʿīl towards him. He said, ‘I used to love him, and now my love for him has increased. Verily the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) was visited by his foster sister. When he saw her, he was pleased and spread out his cloak for her and made her sit on it. Then he began speaking with her and smiling at her. Later, she stood up and left. Subsequently, her brother came [to visit him] but he did not treat him as he had treated her. Someone asked, “O Messenger of Allah, you treated his sister in a different way than how you treated him while he is a man?” He replied, “Because she was more dutiful to her father than him.”’”

ابن أبي عمير عن الحسين عن عثمان (عمن) ذكره عن أبي عبيد الله عليه السلام قال: إن صلة الرحم تزكى الأعمال وتيسر الحساب وتدفع البلوى وتزيد في العمر.

4.Ibn Abī ʿUmayr narrated from al-Ḥusayn, from ʿUthmān, from the one who mentioned it, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) who said, “Verily keeping ties with close relatives purifies one’s deeds, makes the accounting easy, wards off afflictions, and increases one’s lifespan.”

ابن أبي عمير عن أبي محمد الفزاري عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سمعته يقول: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: ان أهل بيت ليكونون برره فتنموا أموالهم ولو أنهم فجار

5.Ibn Abī ʿUmayr narrated from Abū Muḥammad al-Fazārī, who heard Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) saying, “The Messenger of Allah (ṣ) said, ‘Verily there may be a family that is dutiful [to their elders], so their wealth grows, even if they are sinful.’”

فضالة بن أيوب عن سيف بن عميرة عن ابن مسكان عن إبراهيم بن شعيب قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله عليه السلام: ان أبى قد كبر جدا وضعف فنحن نحمله إذا أراد الحاجة فقال: ان استطعت ان تلى ذلك منه فافعل ولقمه بيدك فإنه جنة لك غدا.

6.Faḍālah ibn Ayyūb narrated from Sayf ibn ʿAmīrah, from Ibn Muskān, from Ibrāhīm ibn Shuʿayb who said, “I said to Abū ʿAbdillāh (a), ‘Verily my father has become very old and weak, so we carry him [to the lavatory] when he needs to relieve himself.’ He said, ‘If you can continue doing that [yourself] then do so, and feed him morsels with your own hand, for that will be a shield for you tomorrow [from the Fire].’”

فضالة عن سيف بن عميرة عن محمد بن مروان عن حكم بن الحسين عن علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام قال: جاء رجل إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال: يا رسول الله ما من عمل قبيح الا قد عملته فهل لي من توبة؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: فهل من والديك أحد حي؟ قال: أبى قال: فاذهب فبره قال فلما ولى قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: لو كانت أمه!

7.Faḍālah narrated from Sayf ibn ʿAmīrah, from Muḥammad ibn Marwān, from Ḥakam ibn al-Ḥusayn, from ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn (a) who said, “A man came to the Prophet (ṣ) and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, there is no ugly action but that I have performed it; is there any possibility of repentance for me?’ The Messenger of Allah (ṣ) replied, ‘Are any of your parents alive?’ He said, ‘My father.’ He (ṣ) said, ‘Then go and be kind to him.’ So when he had left, the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) commented, ‘If only it was his mother [who was alive]!’”

فضالة عن سيف بن عميرة عن أبي الصباح عن جابر قال: سمعت رجلا يقول لأبي عبد الله عليه السلام: ان لي أبوين مخالفين فقال له: برهما كما تبر المسلمين ممن يتو لا نا.

8.Faḍālah narrated from Sayf ibn ʿAmīrah, from Abū al-Ṣabbāḥ, from Jābir who said, “I heard a man saying to Abū ʿAbdillāh (a), ‘Verily I have parents who are against us (the Shīʿah).’ He said to him, ‘Be kind to them the way you are kind to the Muslims who have love for us.’”

فضالة عن سيف عن أبي الصباح عن جابر عن الوصافي عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال صدقة السر تطفي غضب الرب وبر الوالدين وصلة الرحم يزيدان في الاجل.

9.Faḍālah narrated from Sayf, from Abū al-Ṣabbāḥ, from Jābir, from al-Waṣṣāfī, from Abū Jaʿfar (a) who said, “Charity given secretly extinguishes the Lord’s wrath, and being kind to parents and keeping ties with near relatives increases lifespans.”

علي بن إسماعيل الميثمي عن عبد الله بن طلحة قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام يقول: إن رجلا أتى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال: يا رسول الله ان لي أهلا قد كنت أصلهم وهم يؤذونني وقد أردت رفضهم فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: اذن يرفضكم الله جميعا قال: وكيف اصنع؟ قال: تعطى من حرمك وتصل من قطعك وتعفو عمن ظلمك فإذا فعلت ذلك كان الله عز وجل لك ظهيرا قال عبد الله بن طلحة: فقلت لأبي عبد الله عليه السلام: ما الظهير؟ قال:العون

10.ʿAlī ibn Ismāʿīl al-Mīthamī narrated from ʿAbdullāh ibn Ṭalḥah who said, “I heard Abā ʿAbdillāh say, ‘A man once came to the Prophet (ṣ) and said, “O Messenger of Allah, I have a family with whom I had been keeping ties, yet they would hurt me, so now I want to repudiate them.” So the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) said to him, “In that case Allah will repudiate all of you together!” He asked, “Then what should I do?” He (ṣ) replied, “Give to the one who deprives you, establish ties with the one who cuts you off, and forgive the one who wrongs you. If you do that, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, will be your succorer.”’” ʿAbdullāh ibn Ṭalḥah said, “I asked Abū ʿAbdillāh (a), ‘What is a succorer?’ He said, ‘A helper.’” H11

النضر بن سويد عن زرعة عن أبي بصير قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام يقول: إن الرحم معلقة بالعرش تنادى يوم القيامة: اللهم صل من وصلني واقطع من قطعني فقلت أهي رحم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله؟ فقال: بل رحم رسول الله منها وقال: ان الرحم تأتى يوم القيامة مثل كبة المدار وهو المغزل فمن أتاها واصلاها انتشرت له نورا حتى تدخله الجنة ومن اتاها قاطعا لها انقبضت عنه حتى تقذف به في النار.

12.Al-Naḍr ibn Suwayd narrated from Zurʿah, from Abū Baṣīr who said, “I heard Abā ʿAbdillāh say, ‘Verily the womb, suspended from the [Divine] Throne, will call out on the Day of Judgment, “O Allah, keep ties with the one who kept my ties and cut off the one who severed my ties.”’ I asked, ‘Is this [in reference to] the womb [relations] of the Messenger of Allah (ṣ)?’ He replied, ‘Rather, the womb [relations] of the Messenger of Allah is one of them.’ He also said, ‘Verily the womb will come on the Day of Judgment in the form of a rotating object, which is [akin to] a spindle, so whoever comes to it having established its ties, it will spread light out for him until he enters Paradise, but whoever comes to it having severed its ties, it constricts him until it casts him into the Fire.’”

علي بن النعمان عن ابن مسكان عن أبي حمزة عن يحيى ابن أم الطويل قال: خطب أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام الناس فحمد الله وأثنى عليه ثم قال: لا يستغنى الرجل وإن كان ذا مال وولد عن عشيرته وعن مداراتهم وكرامتهم ودفاعهم عنه بأيديهم وألسنتهم هم أعظم الناس حياطة له من ورائه والمهم لشؤونه وأعظمهم عليه حنوا (حسرة) ان اصابته مصيبة أو نزل به يوما بعض مكاره الأمور ومن يقبظ يديه عن عشيرته فإنما يقبض عنهم يدا واحدة وتقبض عنه منهم أيدي كثيرة ومن محض عشيرته صدق المودة وبسط عليهم يده بالمعروف إذا وجده ابتغاء وجه الله اخلف الله له ما أنفق في دنياه وضاعف له الاجر في آخرته واخوان الصدق في الناس خير من المال يأكله ويورثه، لا يزدادن أحدكم في أخيه زاهدا ولا يجعل منه بديلا إذا لم ير منه مرفقا أو يكون مقفورا من المال، لا يغفلن (يعزلن) أحدكم من القرابة يرى به الخصاصة ان يسدها مما لا يضره ان أنفقه ولا ينفعه ان أمسكه.

13.ʿAlī ibn al-Nuʿmān narrated from Ibn Muskān, from Abū Ḥamzah, from Yaḥyā ibn Umm al-Ṭawīl who said, “Amīr al-Muʾminīn (a) once gave a sermon to the people in which he praised Allah and glorified Him, then said, ‘Even if a man is wealthy and has many children, he is never needless of his tribe and of their fellowship, respect, and their support of him with their hands and tongues. They are the greatest people in their defence of him in his absence, and the most important [supporters] for his affairs, and those who have the most sympathy for him when he is afflicted by some calamity or some mishap befalls him. Whoever withdraws his hand from his tribe, it is only a single hand he withdraws from them while many hands are [thereby] withdrawn from Him. Yet the one who offers pure and true affection to his tribe, and extends his hand to do good to them [and aid them financially] when possible, in order to please Allah, Allah compensates him for what he spends in this world and multiplies his reward in the Hereafter. True brothers among the people are better than wealth which one consumes and bequeaths. Let none of you ever increase in his apathy towards his brother, nor replace him with another when he sees no benefit from him, or if he is poor in [terms of material] wealth. Let none of you neglect [or abandon] any of the near of kin whom he finds to be in need, without fulfilling his need with that which would neither harm him if he spent it nor benefit him if he withheld it.’”

القاسم عن عبد الصمد بن بشير عن معاوية قال: قال لي أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: ان صلة الرحم تهون الحساب يوم القيامة ثم قرأ: يصلون ما أمر الله به ان يوصل ويخشون ربهم ويخافون سوء الحساب.

14.Al-Qāsim narrated from ʿAbd al-Ṣamad ibn Bashīr, from Muʿāwiyah who said, “Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) said to me, ‘Verily keeping ties with near relatives makes the accounting easier on the Day of Judgment. Then he recited [the verse]: They maintain the ties that Allah has ordered to be maintained, stand in awe of their Lord, and fear the harshness of [strict] reckoning (Q13:21).’”

القاسم عن عبد الصمد بن هلال عن رجل من أصحابنا قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله عليه السلام: ان آل فلان يبر بعضهم بعضا ويتواصلون قال: إذا (اذن) ينمون وتنموا أموالهم ولا يزالون في ذلك حتى يتقاطعوا فإذا فعلوا ذلك انكسر عنهم.

15.Al-Qāsim narrated from ʿAbd al-Ṣamad ibn Hilāl, from a man among our companions who said, “I said to Abū ʿAbdillāh (a), ‘Verily the family of so-and-so are dutiful [and kind] towards each other and maintain familial ties with each other.’ He said, ‘Then they will grow [in numbers] and their wealth will grow. And they shall continue in this way unless they sever ties with each other. If they do that, it shall break away from them.’”

إبراهيم بن أبي البلاد عن عبد الله بن الوليد الوصافي عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: البر يزيد في العمر وصدقة السر تطفي غضب الرب.

16.Ibrāhīm ibn Abī al-Bilād narrated from ʿAbdullāh ibn al-Walīd al- Waṣṣāfī, from Abū Jaʿfar (a) who said, “Kindness [to parents] increases one’s lifespan and charity given secretly calms the Lord’s wrath.”

إبراهيم بن أبي البلاد عن أبيه رفعه قال: رأى موسى بن عمران عليه السلام رجلا تحت ظل العرش فقال يا رب من هذا الذي أدنيته حتى جعلته تحت ظل العرش فقال الله تبارك وتعالى يا موسى هذا لم يكن يعق والديه ولا يحسد الناس على ما آتاهم الله من فضله فقال: يا رب فان من خلقك من يعق والديه؟ فقال: ان العقوق ليست لهما.

17.Ibrāhīm ibn Abī al-Bilād narrated from his father who attributed it [to a higher authority] and said, “Mūsā ibn ʿImrān (a) saw a man under the shade of the [Divine] Throne so he asked, ‘O Lord, who is this person whom You have brought so close that You have placed him under the shade of Your Throne?’ Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, said, ‘O Mūsā, this person was never undutiful to his parents, nor did he ever envy the people for what Allah had given them of His favors.’ He asked, ‘O Lord, are there any among Your creation who are undutiful to their parents?’ He replied, ‘The undutiful ones are not [counted as] theirs.’” [1]

إبراهيم بن أبي البلاد عن أبيه عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: لو علم الله شيئا أدنى من أف لنهى عنه وهو أدنى العقوق ومن العقوق ان ينظر الرجل إلى أويه يحد إليهما.

18.Ibrāhīm ibn Abī al-Bilād narrated from his father, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) who said, “If Allah knew [human beings capable of using] anything less than ‘uff’ [against their parents], He would have forbidden it, and that is the smallest form of undutifulness. Another form of undutifulness is for a man to look at his parents with a stern [and angry] stare.”

ابن أبي البلاد عن أبيه رفعه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: الا أدلكم على خير أخلاق الدنيا والآخرة قالوا بلى يا رسول الله قال: من وصل من قطعه وأعطى من حرمه وعفا عمن ظلمه ومن سره أن يسأله في عمره ويوسع له في رزقه فليتق الله وليصل رحمه.

19.Ibrāhīm ibn Abī al-Bilād narrated from his father, who attributed it to the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) that he said, “Should I not guide you to the best of moral traits of this world and the Hereafter?” They (the companions) said, “Yes, O Messenger of Allah!” He said, “Whoever establishes ties with the one who cuts him off, gives to the one who deprives him, and forgives the one who wrongs him. And whoever would be pleased to get a longer life and have his sustenance increased,then let him be mindful of Allah and keep ties with his near relatives.”

محمد بن أبي عمير عن جميل بن دراج قال: سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن قول الله تبارك وتعالى: واتقوا الله الذي تسائلون به والأرحام، قال: هي أرحام الناس ان الله أمر بصلتها وعظمها، الا ترى أنه جعلها معه

20.Muḥammad ibn Abī ʿUmayr narrated from Jamīl ibn Darrāj who said, “I asked Abā ʿAbdillāh (a) about the verse wherein Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: Be mindful of Allah, in Whose name you appeal to one another, and [honor] your family ties… (Q4:1). He said, “[It refers to] the kinship ties of the people. Verily Allah has commanded that they should be maintained and He gave that great importance. Do you not see that He placed it alongside Himself [when He mentioned it in the verse]?’”

الحسن بن محبوب عن مالك بن عطية عن أبي عبيدة عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام (قال: في، كتاب على أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام): ثلاث خصال لا يموت صاحبهن ابدا حتى يرى وبالهن: البغى وقطيعة الرحم واليمين الكاذبة يبارز الله بهاون أعجل الطاعة ثوابا لصلة الرحم وان القوم ليكونون فجار فيتواصلون فينمي أموالهم ويثرون وان اليمين الكاذبة وقطيعة الرحم لتذاران الديار بلاقع من أهلها وتنقل الرحمة وان في انتقال الرحمة انقطاع النسل.

21.Al-Ḥasan ibn Maḥbūb narrated from Mālik ibn ʿAṭiyyah, from Abū ʿUbaydah, from Abū Jaʿfar (a) who said, “In the book of ʿAlī, Amīr al- Muʾminīn, (a) [we find the following]: There are three traits whose possessor never dies until he has seen their evil consequences: aggression, severing ties with near relatives, and giving false testimony under oath, by which He proceeds to fight against Allah. Indeed the act of obedience that brings the quickest reward is keeping ties with near relatives. A community may be sinners but they keep ties with each other and [as a result] their wealth grows and they thrive. Verily  [giving] false oaths and severing ties with near relatives ruins abodes, turning them into wastelands for their inhabitants, and removes mercy – and verily in the removal of mercy lies the severance of one’s lineage.”[1]

محمد بن أبي عمير عن هشام بن سالم عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: جاء رجل إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال يا رسول الله: من أبر؟ قال: أمك قال: ثم من؟ قال: عليه السلام: أمك قال ثم من؟ قال: أباك.

22.Muḥammad ibn Abī ʿUmayr narrated from Hishām ibn Sālim, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) who said, “A man came to the Prophet (ṣ) and asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, whom should I be kind to?’ He said, ‘Your mother.’ He asked, ‘Then who?’ He (ṣ) said, ‘Your mother.’ He asked, ‘Then who?’ He said, ‘Your father.’”[1]

بعض أصحابنا عن حنان بن سدير عن حكم الخياط عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: قلت له: أيجزى الولد الوالد؟ قال: لا إلا في خصلتين: يجده مملوكا فيشتريه فيعتقه أو يكون عليه دين فيقضيه عنه.

23.One of our companions narrated from Ḥanān ibn Sadīr, from Ḥakam al-Khayyāṭ, from Abū Jaʿfar (a) who said to him, “Can a son recompense his father?” He said, “No, except in two cases: he finds him enslaved so he buys him and emancipates him, or he is indebted so he pays off his debt.”

حنان عن أبيه عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: قال سمعته يقول اتى أبا ذر رجل فبشره بغنم له قد ولدت فقال يا أبا ذر: ابشر فقد ولدت غنمك وكثرت فقال: ما يسرني كثرتهما فما أحب ذلك فما قل منها وكفى أحب إلى مما كثروا إلهي انى سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول: على حافتي الصراط يوم القيام الرحم والأمانة فإذا مر عليه الموصل للرحم والمؤدى للأمانة لم يتكفابه في النار.

24.Ḥanān narrated from his father, from Abū Jaʿfar (a) whom he heard saying “A man came to Abū Dharr and gave him good news of his sheep that had given birth. He said, ‘O Abā Dharr, I bring glad tidings that your sheep have reproduced and increased in number!’ He said, ‘I am not pleased by their increase in number and I do not like that. The few of them that are sufficient are more beloved to me than many that distract [me]. Verily I heard the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) say, “On the two sides of the path (ṣirāt) on the Day of Judgment will be the near of kin and the trusts, so when one who kept ties with the near of kin and returned the trusts passes by them, he will not be thrown by them into the Fire.”’”

بعض أصحابنا عن حنان عن عبد الرحمن بن سليمان عن عمرو بن سهل عن رواة قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول: إن صلة الحرم مثراة في المال ومحبة في الأهل ومنسأة في الاجل.

25.One of our companions narrated from Ḥanān, from ʿAbd al- Raḥmān ibn Sulaymān, from ʿAmr ibn Sahl, from Ruwāt who said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) say, ‘Verily keeping ties with near relatives is a means of augmenting wealth, it [also] enhances love among the family, and postpones death.’”

بعض أصحابنا عن حنان قال: حدثني أبي مسكان عن رجل انهم كانوا في منزل أبى عبد الله عليه السلام وفيهم ميسر فتذاكروا صلة القرابة فقال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: يا ميسر لقد حضر اجلك غير مرة كل ذلك يؤخرك الله لصلتك لقرابت.

26.One of our companions narrated from Ḥanān who said, “Ibn Muskān narrated to us from another man, that they were in the house of Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) and Muyassir was among them. They spoke about the subject of keeping ties with near kinsfolk, so Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) said, ‘O Muyassir, your death had arrived on more than one occasion, but each time it was postponed for you by Allah due to your keeping ties with your near relatives.’”

الحسن بن علي عن أبي الحسن عليه السلام قال: سمعته يقول: إن الرجل ليكون قد بقي من اجله ثلاثون سنة فيكون وصولا لقرابته وصولا لرحمه فيجعلها الله ثلاثة وثلثين سنة وانه ليكون قد بقي من اجله ثلاثة (وثلاثون) سنة فيكون عاقا لقرابته قاطعا لرحمه فيجعلها الله ثلاثين سنة .

27.Al-Ḥasan narrated from ʿAlī, from Abū al-Ḥasan (a) whom he heard saying, “It may be that thirty years remain for a man to live, but he regularly keeps ties with his close kinsfolk and with his near relatives, so Allah increases it to thirty-three years. And it may be that thirty three years remain of his life, but he is undutiful towards his close kinsfolk and cuts off ties with his near relatives, so Allah reduces it to thirty years.”[1]

Kitāb al-Zuhd

Chapter #5