أبي - رحمه الله - قال: حدثنا أحمد بن إدريس، عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله، عن محمد بن عيسى اليقطيني، عن المشرقي حمزة بن الربيع، عمن ذكره، قال: كنت في مجلس أبي جعفر عليه السلام إذ دخل عليه عمرو بن عبيد فقال له: جعلت فداك قول الله عز وجل: " ومن يحلل عليه غضبي فقد هوى " ما ذلك الغضب؟ فقال: أبو جعفر عليه السلام هو العقاب يا عمرو إنه من زعم أن الله عزو جل قد زال من شئ إلى شئ فقد وصفه صفة مخلوق. فإن الله عز وجل لا يتنفره شئ ولا يعزه شئ

1.	My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Ahmad bin Idrees, from Ahmad bin Abdullah, from Muhammed bin ‘Isa al-Yaqteeni, from al-Mushriqi, from Hamza bin Rabee’, from those he mentioned, that he said: I was in the congregation of Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, and then ‘Amru bin Ubayd entered into him, and he said to him: May I be sacrificed for you, the saying of Allah: «And he upon whom descends My wrath, has indeed fallen» (20:82). What is that wrath? Then Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, said: It is the punishment, O Amru. Verily, he who claims that Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, has moved from one thing to another thing, he has indeed described him with the characteristic of a created, for indeed, Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, is not incited by anything nor changed by anything.

وبهذا الاسناد، عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله، عن أبيه رفعه إلى أبي عبد الله عليه السلام في قول الله عز وجل: " فلما آسفونا انتقمنا منهم " قال: إن الله تبارك وتعالى لا يأسف كأسفنا ولكنه خلق أولياء لنفسه يأسفون ويرضون وهم مخلوقون مدبرون فجعل رضاهم لنفسه رضى وسخطهم لنفسه سخطا وذلك لأنه جعلهم الدعاة إليه والأدلاء عليه، و لذلك صاروا كذلك وليس أن ذلك يصل إلى الله عز وجل كما يصل إلى خلقه، ولكن هذا معنى ما قال من ذلك، وقد قال أيضا: من أهان لي وليا فقد بارزني بالمحاربة ودعاني إليها. وقال أيضا: " من يطع الرسول فقد أطاع الله " وقال: أيضا " إن الذين يبايعونك إنما يبايعون الله " وكل هذا وشبهه على ما ذكرت لك، وهكذا الرضا والغضبو غيرهما من الأشياء مما يشاكل ذلك. ولو كان يصل إلى المكون، الأسف والضجر وهو الذي أحدثهما وأنشأهما لجاز لقائل أن يقول: إن المكون يبيد يوما ما لأنه إذا دخله الضجر والغضب دخله التغيير وإذا دخله التغيير لم يؤمن عليه الإبادة ، ولو كان ذلك كذلك لم يعرف الخالق من المخلوق، وتعالى الله عن هذا القول علوا كبيرا. هو الخالق للأشياء لا لحاجة فإذا كان لا لحاجة استحال الحد والكيف فيه فافهم ذلك إن شاء الله.

2.	With this chain, from Ahmad bin Abi Abdillah, from his father, that he ascribed it to Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah: «And when they grieved Us, We took retribution from them» (43:55), that he said: Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, does not grieve like our grieving, however, He created Allies for Himself who are to grieve and to be satisfied, and they are created, managed. So, He made their satisfaction a satisfaction for Himself, and their anger an anger for Himself, and that is because He made them those who call to him and guide to him, and for that they became as such. It is not that this reaches Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, like how it reaches His creation, however, this is the meaning of what He said about that. He also said: He who humiliates an Ally to me, has indeed drawn a sword against Me in combat and invited Me to it. He also said: «He who obeys the Messenger, has indeed obeyed Allah.» (4:80) He also said: «Indeed, those who pledge allegiance to you, are only pledging allegiance to Allah.» (48:09) All this and its similar is upon that which I mentioned to you, and so is satisfaction, wrath and other things than them that are similar to that. If it would be that for the Creator, it reaches grief and weariness, when He is the One who made them and created them, it would be possible for a sayer to say: Indeed, the Creator is to be annihilated one day, because if weariness and anger enter him, (it implies that) change enters him, and if change enters him, He cannot be secured from annihilation, and if it was as such, the Creator would not have been recognized from the created. Exalted is Allah above this saying, a great exaltation. He is the Creator of things, not for any need, and if it was for no need, limit and condition would be impossible in Him. Hence, understand that, Allah willing.

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل، قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن أبيه، عن العباس بن عمرو الفقيمي، عن هشام بن الحكم أن رجلا سأل أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن الله تبارك وتعالى له رضى وسخط؟ قال: نعم، وليس ذلك على ما يوجد من المخلوقين وذلك أن الرضا والغضب دخال يدخل عليه فينقله من حال إلى حال معتمل مركب للأشياء فيه مدخل، وخالقنا لا مدخل للأشياء فيه، واحد، واحدي الذات، واحدي المعنى، فرضاه ثوابه وسخطه عقابه من غير شئ يتداخله فيهيجه وينقله من حال إلى حال فإن ذلك صفة المخلوقين العاجزين المحتاجين ، وهو تبارك وتعالى القوي العزيز لا حاجة له إلى شئ مما خلق وخلقه جميعا محتاجون إليه، إنما خلق الأشياء لا من حاجة ولا سبب اختراعا وابتداعا.

3.	We were told by Muhammed bin Musa bin Mutawakkil, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Ibrahim bin Hashim, from his father, from Abbas bin Amru al-Fuqaymi, from Hisham bin Hakam, that a man asked Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, about Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, if He has satisfaction and anger. He said: Yes, and that is not like what exists in creatures, and that is because satisfaction and anger are penetrators that enter into him and change him from one condition to another condition. He is disordered, composed, and things have an entrance to him. Our Creator has no entrance for things into Him; He is One, One in essence, One in meaning. Hence, His satisfaction is His reward, and His anger is His punishment, without anything that interlaces Him by which it agitates Him and moves Him from one condition to another condition, for that is indeed the characteristic of the created, incapable, the needy. Whereas He, Blessed and Exalted, is the Strong and Mighty. He has no need for anything from what He created, and all His creation are needy of Him. He only created things out of no need nor cause, of invention and innovation.

Maʿānī al-ʾAkhbār

Chapter #14